- Different fuels for different aircraft: Large commercial jets use Jet A/Jet A-1, while smaller piston-engine planes rely on AvGas.
- Performance and safety matter: Jet fuel is designed to handle extremely low temperatures and provide efficient power for high-altitude flights.
- Future of aviation fuels: Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is emerging as a greener alternative to reduce carbon emissions in the industry.
Airplanes rely on specialized fuels to operate safely and efficiently. The type of fuel depends on the kind of aircraft, whether it is a commercial passenger plane, a cargo aircraft, or a small private plane. Understanding airplane fuel is important because it affects performance, range, and safety.
Jet Fuel
Most commercial airplanes, such as Boeing 737, Airbus A320, and Boeing 777, use jet fuel, which is a type of kerosene. The two main types of jet fuel are:
- Jet A and Jet A-1: Used worldwide in commercial aviation. Jet A-1 has a lower freezing point (-47°C) than Jet A (-40°C), making it more suitable for long international flights at high altitudes.
- TS-1: Used in some regions, mainly Russia and former Soviet countries.
Jet fuel is designed for high-altitude flights, where temperatures are very low. It burns efficiently in turbine engines, producing the power needed to lift large aircraft.
Aviation Gasoline (AvGas)
Smaller aircraft, especially private planes and light trainers, often use aviation gasoline (AvGas). AvGas is similar to car gasoline but has additives for higher performance and engine protection. It is primarily used in piston-engine aircraft rather than jet or turboprop engines.
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
Recently, the aviation industry is shifting towards sustainable aviation fuels made from renewable sources like plant oils, waste, or algae. SAF can reduce carbon emissions significantly and can often be blended with conventional jet fuel without modifying aircraft engines.
Conclusion
In short, commercial airplanes mainly use Jet A or Jet A-1, while small piston-engine aircraft use AvGas. The aviation industry is also exploring sustainable fuels to reduce environmental impact. Choosing the right fuel ensures safety, efficiency, and optimal aircraft performance for every flight.
